Created in 2012, European Center for Transplantation and Immunotherapy Sciences (CESTI) is a promising University Hospital Institute (IHU) focusing on the treatment of serious diseases by transplantation of organs, cells and genes, opening new frontiers in regenerative medicine with a major unifying interface : immunology.The major aims of the CESTI program are (1) to better understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms of chronic graft loss or of GVHD disease injury with two major objectives: to design biomarkers to diagnose or predict risk and monitor the graft tissue lesions through non-invasive techniques such as peripheral blood analyses. 2) to design new methods of immunosuppression and/or induction or detection of a state of immune tolerance and, in collaboration with the CESTI born companies and large pharmaceutical companies, to transfer applications to the clinical field in the context of vascularised organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or even in preliminary trials of cell or vectorised gene transplantation, (3) to widen the access to transplantation through an improvement in current clinical approaches but also through innovative and futurist “new frontier” approaches, such as cell therapy, including xenogeneic source and gene therapy for gene defects, or gene therapy-based manipulation of the recipient immune system or donor tissues.