The Global Change Research Centre Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (CzechGlobe) was founded in Brno in January 2011. Its activities build on the nearly 20-year tradition of basic research on the topics of global change, the carbon cycle, and ecophysiology of production processes in plants carried out at the Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology as part of the EU’s framework programmes. A major new activity at the CzechGlobe Centre is a project of the Operational Programme: Research and Development for Innovations known as CzechGlobe – Centre for the Study of Global Climate Change Impacts, the aim of which is to develop research infrastructure enabling comprehensive research on issues of global change. CzechGlobe is financed primarily by funds from the European Union. Research programmes are implemented by research teams cooperating with leading experts from scientific and educational institutions all over the world. Using the most modern techniques and instrumentation, research is carried out in three main areas affected by global change, namely: the atmosphere (climate evolution and its modelling), ecosystems (the carbon cycle, impact of global change on biodiversity), and socio-economic systems (impact on the development and behaviour of society). An integral part of CzechGlobe Centre activities is development of innovative technological processes, proposals for measures for adaptation, and educational activities.